Development of Automatic Sunlight Tracking System

Development of reflex(a) Sun clear(p) track SystemCreations Automatic System of Tracking for freelance Concentrators of SunlightJ.Z.Akhadov1,*, A.A.Abdurahmanov1, M.S.Payzullaxanov1, A.A.Kuchkrov1, M.A.Mamatqosimov1, I.M.Saydumarov2, F.A.Giyasova2, T.S.Saidvaliev1Abstract The new type of the solar gauge working by means of word picture diodes SV-256 is developed. Thus verity of management of solar concentrators reception processes heated pair for development electricity and heat, and besides hydrogen in a focal zone of concentrating dodgings completely provides. It was shown, that the system of tracking developed by us heliostat for trajectory the Sun has high true statement. Linear changes of the center of a stain in dynamics makes only 2 mm that corresponds 30-80 angle to seconds. Such accuracy of tracking allows defying out high-temperature researches in a focal zone of the concentrator.Keywords SolarPower Installation, Automatic System of Tracking, Solar Energy, the So lar Independent Combined Installation1. Mirror Concentrating SystemsOne of problems of creation of concentrators of sunlight this maintenance of their orientation after visible movement of the Sun. Generally the problem of orientation of reflect concentrating systems (MCS) consists in maintenance of its such(prenominal) spatial position at which reflected from MCS beams constantly move on the receiving system (see fig. 1).Figure 1. The Basic Scheme System of Tracking of Independent Solar Installations (The Sun- The Concentrator The Receiver)1.1. Tracking SystemsTill now be practically investigated accuracy of tracking MCS by means of optical gauges, including the size tolerance zones or a dead zone, unneurotic with accuracy the trackings provided with optical gauges, and also as a whole is investigated dynamics of change of corners of orientation MCS (including heliostat) deep down day and year, especially in the presence of overcast 1.The problem consists that such solar gauge s already grows old and not where in the world is not issued such gauges. Proceeding from it we developed new systems of tracking for solar installations with accuracy 1 angle/min. Such system of tracking copes very conveniently and easily.There are the following primary goals of orientation connected with two basic operating modes of system MCS the receiver. In the first purpose the receiver is established on MCS and moves together with it the mode of direct tracking and the second scheme the receiver is not connected with MCS and is usually motionless so-called heliostat operating mode MCS/1/.The publications analysis 2-3 shows, that generally for creation of manage systems by orientation (tracking systems) both on the first and on the second following data are demand for schemesThe equation of movement of object (in this case the equation of visible movement of the Sun)A range kinematic, dynamic, mechanical and accuracy characteristics of the rotary devices depending on th eir constructive schemeActually knowledge demanded accuracy and dynamic characteristics of control system MCS.Thus tracking systems can be divided on automatic and the programs the operated. The automated control system of tracking to classify to various signs to destination, accuracy, a scope, an action principle etc.The basic problem consists that for individual using of independent solar installations is obligatory simple system of tracking of the concentrator for the sun that not knowing what automatics and the computer any person operated system. For this purpose, the automated control systems of tracking of independent solar concentrators subscribe to developed the new scheme system of tracking by means of photo diodes SV-256 (fig. 2).Figure 2. Developed the Block of Management of Orientations MCS and Developed Solar the calibre on the Basis of Photo Diodes SV-256For maintenance specified above functions of management by orientation MCS should include following subsystems th e solar gauge, the executive director mechanism providing turns MCS and including a reducer, a drive (electric motor) a control system including the block actually of management and the converter of signals, carrying out transformation and giving of signals on intensifying and executive mechanisms.2. Solar GaugeThe primary goal which the solar gauge as it has been specified above should carry out is binding MCS and its axes of rotation to local geographic to ordinates concerning which the law of movement of object of tracking (in our case of the Sun) can be usually real. Developed by us the solar gauge consists of 4 photo diodes which is established one plate and divided into 4 blocks.2.1. Solar InstallationsThe developed automatic system of tracking of concentrators about accuracy 1 angle/min. also it is conducted tests in 1500 and 5000 W them solar installations. In further the developed system will be used in parabolic cylinder the concentrator the size 1010 (fig.3).Figure 3. A photo of the Developed Concentrator in diameter of 6 mThe offered automated control system of tracking of independent solar concentrators with the new scheme of systems of tracking by means of photo diodes SV-256 has accuracy 30-80 angle. To seconds, tests are spent to 1,5 and 5 kW solar installations.2.2. ModelsThe solar power position thermal capacity 1500 W consists from heliostatsand the sunlight concentrator. Heliostat directs solar beams on the concentrator in parallel in horizontal an axis. The parabolic concentrator reflects solar beams in focus. The tracking system is necessary for maintenance in focus of the concentrator of a stable power stream of a solar energy heliostat for the sun with high accuracy. Power light exposure of a focal zone of the concentrator it is possible allows to synthesize materials, and also to receive overheated steam for reception electric and thermal energy 4.If the receiver has rather big thermal inertia its thermal mode will be close to stati onary and development of energy or converter energy will be defined by an average for the period arrival of energy 5.In a dynamic mode an average for the period revalue of density of energy efin a focal load A on an element of surface N, equally (1)where, density of a direct solar stream.With certain degree of approach the average for the period in a dynamic mode can be considered a system condition as many static condition in aim position, but with the seeming, effective parameter of accuracy heft. In effect, almost in all cases of natural research of solar power plants their power parameters resulted frequently without references to accuracy of tracking and considered as objective (that is received at exact by adjust on a source), carry actually effective (dynamic) character.On fig. 4. a, b are shown experimental works a deviation of the center of a stain from a focal point Ain working conditions of system of tracking heliostat on a day trajectory of the Sun. As shows the a nalysis at such accuracy of tracking heliostat on the Sun trajectory, the deviation of the center of a stain from a focal point essentially does not change (fig. 5).a) b)Figure 4. Changes of a Stain in a Focal Zone 1,5 W the Solar Furnace.Figure 5. Dependence of an Angular Deviation of a Stain on a Corner of Disclosing of The Concentrator at Various Linear Deviations3. ConclusionsExperimental and settlement works have shown that the system of tracking developed by us heliostat for trajectory the Sun has high accuracy (figs 4 and 5). Linear changes of the center of a stain in dynamics makes only 2 mm that corresponds 30 80 angle to seconds. Such accuracy of tracking allows carrying out high-temperature researches in a focal zone of the concentrator.